A court gave Kasparov a five-day sentence for organizing what is called an illegal protest.
Marina Litvinovich, a senior member of Kasparov's United Civil Front, told Reuters from Moscow's Meshchansky court that a judge had rejected his appeal against the term.
"The judge considered the complaint and left the previous court's decision in force, which means Garry will stay in detention," she said by telephone.
"Garry is still in court but in five minutes he is likely to be transferred back to Petrovka 38," she said, referring to the Moscow police headquarters where Kasparov is being held.
Image: Protesters scuffle with Russian riot police at the "Dissentors' March" in Moscow.